I’m going to quote some verses of the Script, and ask some questions about them. The right questions sometimes lead to the right answers. “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness…” Who is the “us,” and “our,” that Elohim is referring to in Genesis 1:26? Note that the one spoken to is a participant in the creation.
Similar verses are scattered throughout the Script. Psalm 119:79 says, “Let those who fear you turn to me.” Who is speaking? The one feared in this instance is God. How could it help us to turn to the one who’s speaking? What could anyone other than God do to assuage man’s inborn fear of God? Could God be in two places at the same time? Philippians 2:5-7 speaks of Jesus existing in the form of God, equal with God, but becoming a man. Could God become a man, and thus be less frightening to us? King David wrote the Psalm, but obviously he’s not speaking of himself.
David wrote many such things. Psalm 110:1, “The Lord (YHWH) said to my Lord (Adonai), sit at my right hand until I make your enemies your footstool.” The ‘Complete Jewish Bible’ translates that verse as, “Adonai said to my Lord…” Messianic Jews who accept Jesus as Messiah, continue to read YHWH as Adonai because of their Jewish heritage (Ref. my previous post).
Psalm 110:4, “The Lord (YHWH) has sworn, and will not relent, you are a priest forever…” The one spoken to is considered a Priest, or one who stands for others before God. Verse 5, “The Lord (Adonai) at your right hand will…” Verse 1 speaks of Adonai at the right hand of YHWH, and now verse 5 says that Adonai is at the right hand of the one being spoken to. That is not a contradiction, but it does sound as if it’s going around in circles, and maybe it is. “Adonai,” sometimes refers to YHWH, and YHWH sometimes refers to Adonai.
The same thing happens with the name Elohim in Psalm 45:6-7. These verses are quoted in Hebrews 1:8-9, and the writer says they are spoken to the “Son.” “Your throne, Oh God (Elohim), is forever…therefore God (Elohim), your God (Elohim), has anointed you…” If God calls him God, then I’m not going to fear to call him God. They are one, and we don’t need to try to rank them.
Just because mankind can’t imagine or understand union doesn’t mean that it doesn’t exist. In Isaiah 48:16, the speaker says, “I have not spoken in secret from the beginning. From the time that it was, there I am. Now Adonai YHWH, and his Spirit have sent me.” Someone, who has existed from the beginning, is sent by God, and his Spirit. They are one.
The CJB says, “Adonai Elohim has sent me and his Spirit.” When “YHWH” is written alone, the Jewish people substitute the name Adonai in reading aloud. They substitute the name “Elohim” for YHWH when the actual name “Adonai” precedes it. Rather than repeat Adonai YHWH, as “Adonai Adonai,” they say “Adonai Elohim.” That’s kind of complicated but that’s the way its done.
The names Elohim, Adonai, and YHWH are used alternately as one throughout the Script. That pattern continues through the New Testament. In the book of the Revelation, it is often difficult to discern whether it is the Father speaking, or the Son, but it usually doesn’t matter.
In John 14:9 Jesus said, “He who has seen me has seen the Father.” They are one. What one thinks, the other speaks. When one is pierced, the other is wounded. The speaker of the prophecy in Zechariah 12:10 says, “They will look on me whom they have pierced, and mourn for him, as one mourns for his only son…” Who is speaking? Who is pierced? The hands of YHWH are pierced, no matter how you interpret that verse.